Introduction
Hemorrhoids are a very common condition, yet many people feel uncomfortable talking about them or are unsure how to recognize them. Simply put, hemorrhoids are swollen veins in or around the anus and lower rectum, similar to varicose veins. They can vary greatly in appearance, size, and symptoms depending on their type and severity.
Understanding what hemorrhoids look like, how they feel, and where they occur can help you identify them early and seek proper treatment before complications arise.
What Are Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids develop when veins in the rectal or anal area become inflamed due to pressure, often caused by straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, pregnancy, or prolonged sitting.
There are two main types:
- Internal hemorrhoids
- External hemorrhoids
Each looks and feels different.
What Do Hemorrhoids Look Like?
The appearance of hemorrhoids depends on their location.
Internal Hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum and are usually not visible from the outside.
Visual characteristics:
- Not visible to the naked eye
- May appear as soft, swollen tissue during a medical exam
- Can protrude outside the anus in advanced stages (called prolapsed hemorrhoids)
Key visual cues:
- Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet
- A bulge that comes out during bowel movements and may go back in
External Hemorrhoids
External hemorrhoids develop under the skin around the anus and are easier to identify.
Visual characteristics:
- Small to large lumps near the anal opening
- Pink, red, or bluish-purple in color
- May appear swollen or inflamed
Key visual cues:
- Visible bump or cluster of bumps
- Skin irritation or redness around the anus
What Do Thrombosed Hemorrhoids Look Like?
A thrombosed hemorrhoid occurs when a blood clot forms inside an external hemorrhoid.
Appearance includes:
- Firm, painful lump
- Dark purple or blue coloration
- Swelling that may feel hard to the touch
These often cause intense discomfort and may require medical attention.
Common Symptoms of Hemorrhoids
Symptoms vary depending on the type but often include:
- Itching or irritation around the anus
- Pain or discomfort, especially when sitting
- Swelling around the anal area
- Bright red blood during bowel movements
- A feeling of fullness or pressure in the rectum
Where Hemorrhoids Can Be Found or Live
Hemorrhoids do not “live” like parasites, but they develop in specific areas of the body due to pressure on veins.
Common locations include:
- Inside the rectum (internal hemorrhoids)
- Under the skin around the anus (external hemorrhoids)
- Protruding outside the anus in advanced cases
High-risk environments or conditions include:
- Prolonged sitting (office work, long travel)
- Straining during bowel movements
- Pregnancy and childbirth
- Chronic constipation or diarrhea
- Low-fiber diets
How to Check for Hemorrhoids
You can perform a basic self-check:
- Look for swelling, lumps, or discoloration around the anus
- Notice pain, itching, or bleeding during bowel movements
- Feel for tender or hard areas near the anal opening
⚠️ If bleeding persists or pain is severe, consult a healthcare professional.
Tips to Prevent Hemorrhoids
- Eat a high-fiber diet
- Drink plenty of water
- Avoid straining during bowel movements
- Do not sit on the toilet for long periods
- Exercise regularly to improve circulation
FAQs About Hemorrhoids
1. Are hemorrhoids dangerous?
Most hemorrhoids are not dangerous, but untreated cases can lead to complications like anemia or infection.
2. Can hemorrhoids go away on their own?
Yes, mild hemorrhoids often resolve with lifestyle changes and proper care.
3. How can I tell if it’s hemorrhoids or something else?
Hemorrhoids usually cause painless bleeding and swelling. Persistent pain, dark blood, or weight loss should be evaluated by a doctor.